Introduction to the components of CNC plasma cutting machine and their advantages and disadvantages
CNC plasma cutting machine is often used for cutting various complex shapes of plates. Compared with flame cutting, it has higher cutting accuracy. Coupled with the control of the CNC system, the cutting efficiency is higher. To help you understand this cutting equipment more deeply, here In place, everyone will introduce the components of the CNC plasma cutting machine and their advantages and disadvantages for your reference.
One, the components of CNC plasma cutting machine
1. Power supply: CNC plasma cutting machine usually adopts DC power supply with steep drop or constant current characteristics. In order to obtain satisfactory arc ignition and arc stabilization effects, the no-load voltage of the power supply is generally twice the arc voltage. The no-load voltage of the commonly used cutting power supply is 350 to 400V.
2. Control box: It mainly includes program control contactor, high frequency oscillator, electromagnetic valve, water pressure switch, etc., to control the cutting process.
3. Pneumatic system: The main equipment of the air supply device for air plasma arc cutting is an air compressor larger than 1.5kw, and the gas pressure required for cutting is 0.3 to 0.6Mpa. If other gas is used, bottled gas can be used for cutting after decompression.
4. Water system: The cutting torch of plasma arc cutting works at a high temperature above 10000℃. In order to ensure normal cutting, water must be used for forced cooling to prevent the nozzle from being burnt out. Generally, a water-cooled circulation system is used.
5. Cutting torch: The device that generates the ion arc is also a tool for direct cutting, which consists of three parts: nozzle, lower gun body, and upper gun body. The nozzle is the core part of the cutting torch, and its structural shape and geometric dimensions play an important role in the compression and stability of the plasma arc.
6. Numerical control system: The numerical control system is the command system of the numerical control plasma cutting machine. Its core is an industrial computer (or industrial controller) and a set of numerical control cutting control software. The hardware configuration of the industrial controller in the CNC system determines the stability of the CNC plasma cutting machine and the CNC system. The cutting control software in the CNC system provides various cutting processes and motion control methods required for CNC cutting, which determines the CNC plasma cutting The cutting efficiency and cutting quality of the machine.
2. Advantages and disadvantages of CNC plasma cutting machine
1. Advantages of CNC plasma cutting machine
(1) The cutting area is wide, and all metal plates can be cut. With different working gases, it can cut all kinds of metals that are difficult to cut by oxygen, especially for non-ferrous metals (stainless steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, nickel). The cutting effect is better;
(2) The cutting speed is fast, the efficiency is high, and the cutting speed can reach more than 10m/min. When cutting metals with small thickness, the plasma cutting speed is fast, especially when cutting ordinary carbon steel thin plates, the speed can reach the oxygen cutting method 5 to 6 times of, the cutting surface is smooth, the thermal deformation is small, and there is almost no heat-affected zone;
(3) The cutting accuracy is higher than flame cutting, underwater cutting has no deformation, and fine plasma cutting has higher accuracy and lower cutting cost.
2, the disadvantages of CNC plasma cutting machine
(1) The cutting accuracy of plasma can reach within 1mm, which is not as good as laser cutting. However, plasma cutting machines are cheaper than laser cutting machines in terms of cost, which is advantageous for rough processing (high-precision cutting machines have been produced at present).
(2) The cutting arc in the air is strong, noisy, and dusty, which has a certain degree of pollution to the environment. Numerical control technology can be used and underwater plasma cutting technology has been developed to reduce the damage to workers.
(3) It is ideal to cut 4 to 30 mm steel plates, which can avoid the disadvantages of oxygen, lack of cutting speed, slow cutting speed, large deformation, severe cutting and severe slagging. However, when cutting thick plates, the cut is easy to be V-shaped and requires a high-power power supply, which results in high energy consumption and cost.
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